Half of the original 10 commandments identify ways you can fail at loving God, and the other half identify ways you can fail at loving people (failing to honor God is deeply connected to failing to honor people). This helps bring new and expanded meaning to the "great commandment" that Jesus spoke of in the New Testament (Luke 10:27, Mark 12:29-31 and Matthew 22:37-40). It's a combination of the two main themes of the original 10 commandments.
The great commandment is "Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind, and with all thy strength. This is the first and great commandment. And the second is like unto it, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself. On these two commandments hang all the law and the prophets."
What does Jesus mean by "On these two commandments hang all the law and the prophets"?
If people obey the great commandment, they'll automatically be obeying all 613 laws (and prophets) from the old testament. Jesus came to fulfill the law and show us by example how we should live (so that we too can fulfill the law). The one who loves fulfills the law (Romans 13:8).
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